This study explored the perspectives of teachers and students regarding the academic and socio-emotional benefits of peer tutoring (PT) as a strategy to support students with specific learning difficulties (SpLD) in middle schools in Saudi Arabia. The research was prompted by the recent expansion of special education services in Saudi Arabia to include not only primary but also middle school students and the introduction of new teaching methods to enhance the learning experiences of SpLD students. These options differ from the predominant traditional teaching approaches in Saudi Arabia, which are increasingly perceived as inadequate for the preparation of students for the challenges of a modern, globalised society. For this reason, a qualitative case study was conducted in six inclusive schools, using interviews and observations to investigate the perceptions of 9 SEN teachers, 18 mainstream students and 19 SpLD students. The findings indicate that PT was perceived as an effective method for the provision of academic support for SpLD students and was associated with improved academic performance, motivation and participation. However, SEN teachers and students expressed different perceptions about the efficacy of this technique in supporting the development of social and emotional skills among SpLD students. This may be attributable to the lack of systematic planning and supervision before and during PT session, reflected in a lack of awareness among students regarding the objectives of PT programmes.

This study aimed at investigating how and why to engage laypersons with science as perceived by postgraduate students in Jordan. A questionnaire consisted of (24) items, with 5 point Likert-Scale was used after conducting the validity and reliability of the questionnaire. Findings showed that the respondents showed positive perception towards engaging laypersons in science as it is vital for their daily life and using technology properly, and the importance of using layperson knowledge in communicating with them. Finally scientists need practice and knowledge to communicate with laypersons.

Franchise entrepreneurship in Malaysia has been aggressively promoted to develop the small and medium enterprise (SME) sector as it is considered as one business that can help nurture novice SME entrepreneurs by minimising uncertainties during the riskiest stages of business. In developed countries, franchise entrepreneurship has reached a matured stage but in developing countries the business model is yet to be widely embraced by SME entrepreneurs to venture into any business. However, despite it promising business model, the franchise turnover and failure remains high due to the divergence of franchisor and franchisee interests. Since the success and sustainability of any franchise relationship is dependent on the convergent of franchisor and franchisee goals, the objective of this study is to determine to the role of trust in developing a sustainable model for a franchise entrepreneurship. The conceptual framework for this study was underpinned by the agency theory, social capital theory and the transaction cost theory. A multiple case study approach was adopted. Data was collected from the franchisor and franchisees of a local leading retail franchise and a licensed international food operator using some structured interview as well as content analysis of secondary data. Preliminary results showed that trusting relationship between the franchisee and the franchisor is one of the most important factors leading to entrepreneurial sustainability. These two parties must be held together by a common goal. Results of the study also identified some level of opportunistic behaviours by both franchisor-franchisee and licensor-licensee and the influence of social exchanges and transaction costs on their behaviour.

The reputation of social media networks nowadays is undeniable, and they remain the essential domain in supporting the educational context. Their excellent potential makes the predominance of social media networks attract the attention of learners today. Nevertheless, little attention seems to be given to the evaluation of social media network usage based on learner‟s choices, mainly as their collaborative learning support tools. Rather than trying to cover each scope of social media against the educational context, this research paper aims to assess the usage of social media networks as collaborative learning tools. Questionnaire surveys were conducted at two selected universities and a total of 80 respondents were randomly chosen to participate in the study using a convenience sampling. The majority of students at both chosen universities used WeChat and WhatsApp as their group work support tools. Furthermore, the research findings toward the frequency of use and length of time spent proved that both universities‟ students actively used their preferred social media networks as collaborative supporting tools. Indeed, it is not surprising, since social media networks nowadays already serve as an integral part of daily student life. Social media networks play a significant role as indispensable support tools for cooperative learning activities as well as transforming the collaborative learning environment. Accordingly, it is anticipated that the findings in this study on the current state of social media networks used by students as collaborative learning support tools, primarily based on their choices, could benefit coming research studies.

The German school of the Bauhaus (1919-1933) had turned, in only fourteen years, into a pedagogic, investigative and artistic model. Their new improved pedagogical example is defined by the way in which their different academic programs were based on the multidisciplinary of the classical arts, which until then had been separately classified in painting, sculpture and architecture. The Bauhaus constructive ideal was at the service of society, hence, its pedagogical method was oriented towards the formation of professionals, so they would be able to master the knowledge that allowed them to design everyday objects, and to create an architecture style based on a single-family dwelling unit. In other to produce functional, cheap products that were full of spirituality, they based their programs on formal, plastic or aesthetic theories whose origin lies on the artistic thought. Society was changed due to their artistic creations. The artists that were educated in the Bauhaus changed the history of the modern design, imposing an educational model that opened the doors to the kind of multidisciplinary research that nowadays we still support in contemporary art centres. Accordingly, one of the Bauhaus‟ most affected sectors by the training and multidisciplinary research was the group of female students who were educated in this famous centre, being known today as artists of recognized international prestige. This group of students changed the society with their historical contributions about furniture, creation in lamps, textiles or household objects. Therefore, it brought out a significant number of artists as Marianne Brandt (1893-1983) in metal, Anni Albers (1899-1994) and her fabrics, Alma Buscher (1899-1944) with her toys, Wera Meyer-Waldeck (1906-1964) with her objects or Margarete Leischner (1907-1970) in textiles, among others.

The fundamental element in making informed financial decisions for retirement planning is financial literacy. In this current challenging global economic situation, numerous elderly people are facing challenges to live upon retirement with financial freedom and this problem is becoming increasingly essential. Thus, this quantitative study intended to identify the key determinants of financial literacy which are vital in financial planning for retirement among elderly people in Malaysia. Survey was carried out among 1239 elderly people who are aged 55 and above from Klang Valley, Malaysia. The data was analysed quantitatively using descriptive and inferential statistics in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22. Binary logistic regression was used to identify the key determinants of financial literacy of elderly people population in Malaysia. The process also involved descriptive statistical analysis. Based on the analysis, education level, luxury amenities, minimum monthly expenses were identified as the significant determinants of financial literacy for elderly people. These findings provide essential insights to the policy makers and government to expose financial literacy education to every working individual regardless of their Socio Economic Status (SES) to aid them in financial planning and retire with financial freedom. In terms of theoretical contribution, the findings from this study may provide an opportunity to enrich the understanding of the financial literacy determinants that contribute towards financial retirement planning. Future researchers should compare the financial literacy determinants which contribute to financial retirement planning between low, medium and high income group of people. It will be interesting to find the results as these groups of people may have different perceptions on the determinants and they also may have different ways of planning their finance for retirement.

The study examine the significant difference between Emotional Intelligence teaching styles and Intuitive Intelligence teaching styles among student practice teachers in Philippine Normal University – Institute of Teaching and Learning (PNU-ITL). It focuses on the importance of Emotional Intelligence and Intuitive Intelligence teaching styles in personal, academic, and career success’s of the student practice teachers. The teachers role requires various abilities. One of such fundamental capacities in the contemporary world is emotional intelligence. Emotional and Intuitive aspects in the teaching process influence overall student’s performance. Having high intelligence does not guarantee success, achievement, or happiness. This means that it is also important to recognize abilities such as deductive logical intelligence (skills for math, deduction) and verbal intelligence (the art of language) in addition to other intelligences of the same importance, like spatial (find one’s bearings, picture oneself in three dimensions), musical (think in sounds and rhythms) and kenisthetic abilities (know how to use one’s own body).Descriptive research design was adopted and proportionate stratified sampling was chosen for study. Questionaires on Emotional and Intuitive Intelligences were distributed. The data were collected and analyzed to determine how often student practice teachers use emotional and Intuitive intelligences in their teaching styles. Result indicated that student practice teachers’ use of Emotional Intelligence teaching styles obtained the mean of 3.98 and Intuitive Intelligence teaching style the mean of 3.955. The researcher also used t-test to assess whether the means of two groups were statistically different from each other. This analysis is appropriate in comparing the means of two groups (Emotional and Intuitive Intelligence teaching styles) and especially suited as the analysis for the posttest only two group randomized experimental design.

Government-Link Companies is defined as companies with major commercial objectives and the Government has a control interest in the system, while National Dual Training System is listed in the Malaysia Education Plan which relates to the initiative of generating employment for skilled worker, developing a knowledgeable host, and producing workers with entrepreneurial skills and the ability to get and use other knowledge especially in the information of technology. This paper discuss strengths and weaknesses of NDTS implementation and its resolution towards GLC‟s satisfactions of (1) relevant curriculum with industry growth, (2) lecturers from industries, (3) Work-Based Learning Programme, (4) Industry Solely Concerned with Profiet, (5) Lack of Commitment from Industries, (6) Authorization Autonomous Controlled, and (7) Exchange of Expertise and Facilities.